高考英語對“過去分詞”的五個考點

■湖南  劉志輝

一、考查過去分詞用作形容詞

即表面上考查非謂語動詞，而且四個選項也都是非謂語動詞的某種形式，但命題者真正考查的卻是形容詞的用法——由過去分詞轉化來的形容詞的用法。如：

1. A good story does not necessarily have to have a happy ending, but the reader must not be left _________. (天津卷)

A. unsatisfied            B. unsatisfying     C. to be unsatisfying  D. being unsatisfied

【說明】此題答案選A。unsatisfied在此為形容詞，用作補語（主語補足語），其意為“不滿意的，未得到滿足的”。全句意為：一個好的故事不一定就需要一個喜劇性的結尾，但它必須不能讓讀者失望。

2. _________ and happy, Tony stood up and accepted the prize. (全國卷)

A. Surprising            B. Surprised         C. Being surprised     D. To be surprising

【說明】此題答案選B。根據與之并列的形容happy可知，此題應形容詞surprised。surprised and happy的意思是“既驚又喜”。

二、考查過去分詞用作后置定語

過去分詞作后置定語的特征是：表被動，通�？梢暈橐粋�被動語態的省略形式。如：

1. There have been several new events _________ to the program for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. (北京卷)

A. add                      B. to add                C. adding                  D. added

【說明】此題答案選D。added to the program可視為which have been added to the program之省略。

2. Five people won the “China’s Green Figure” award, a title _________ to ordinary people for their contributions to environmental protection. (山東卷)

A. being given           B. is given              C. given                   D. was given

【說明】此題答案選C。a title given to ordinary people可視為 a title which was given to ordinary people之省略。

3. The prize of the game show is＄30,000 and an all expenses _________ vacation to China. (北京卷)

A. paying                 B. paid                   C. to be paid            D. being paid

【說明】此題答案選B。因all expenses與pay是被動關系，故用過去分詞表被動。全句意為：此次電視游戲節目的獎品是30,000美元獎金另加一次完全免費的中國度假。

三、考查過去分詞用作狀語

過去分詞用作狀語的典型特征是：表被動，可視為其前省略了“主語（即主句主語）+助動詞be”。這類過去分詞（短語）通�？筛鶕�具體的語境轉換成相應的狀語從句——即表原因的過去分詞短語可轉換成原因狀語從句，表條件的過去分詞短語可轉換成條件狀語從句，等等。如：

1. _________ for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits. (福建卷)

A. Blaming               B. Blamed                 C. To blame              D. To be blamed

【說明】此題答案選B。根據句意可知，Alice與blame為被動關系，故選過去分詞。Blamed for…在此表原因，故可轉換成原因狀語從句：Because she was blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network…

2. _________ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police. (江蘇卷)

A. Having lost           B. Lost                     C. Being lost           D. Losing

【說明】此題答案選B。lose oneself in 為固定短語，其意為“在……迷路”，由于題中沒有oneself，所以可以斷定the two students與lose是被動關系，故用過去分詞。Lost in the mountains for a week在此表時間，可轉換成時間狀語從句：After they had been lost in the mountains for a week…(www.yygrammar.com)

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